SEE YOU....

Es Junio otra vez, y otra vez la misma historia.

Otra despedida. Se van de nuevo los alumnos de cuarto, con sus flamantes títulos, con sus viejas carpetas e ilusiones. Con sus matrículas a bachillerato, a ciclos.

Se van todos, y todo permanece, y todo sigue igual. Ya no escuchamos su alborotada risa en los pasillos, ni los vemos deambular de un lado al otro al aula que tenían asignada.

Sus caminos se bifurcan, una vez mas.

REPORTED SPEECH I for 4th ESO and Bachillerato

Reported speech is a transformation in which we reproduce someone’s words.

• Peter says: “I am fed up”

• Peter said that he was fed up

Reported speech implies remoteness, we always go backwards in time when we reproduce someone’s words.

• Verbal tenses move back into the past.

• Pronouns change in the form to imply less proximity) and

• Adverbs of place are also replace by others that imply that something is further. 

VERBThere is a bakcshift, ie., the verbs take a more REMOTE FORM.
There is a backshift to the past when we want to write a statement in reported speech. It is as if we go upstairs. If we transform reported speech into direct speech we go downstairs.

-       SIMPLE TENSES

present simple- simple past- past perfect

 
         -CONTINUOUS TENSES

present continuous-` past continuous

         -PERFECT TENSES

present perfect-  past perfect 

-PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSES:

present perfect continuous--------------past perfect continuous 

-MODAL VERBS:

Modal verbs are backshifted as well:
  can------ could
  will------ would
  must------   had to
  have to--   have to              

ADVERBS AND ADVERBIALS. (including demonstratives)

Here- there
Now- then
Yesterday- the day before
This, these- that, those
Today- that day
Tonight- that night
Tomorrow- the following day/ the next day
Last week/ month/year- the following week…
A week ago- the week before/ the previous week.       

REPORTING VERBS:
There are some typical verbs used to introuced reported speech in English. THey have some peculiarities which are worth studying: 

-Say* to / that: he said Mary that she had to go out
-Tell+ object+ that/ to= I told Mary to be a good girl. I told Mary that she was a good girl

-Ask, tell, insist, want + someone to do something (CI+ infinitive)
-Refurse/offer/ agree*to
-Complain/ promise/ explain/ admit+ that
-Claim, suggest, answer, respond

iN THE FOLLOWING LINKS, YOU CAN FIND MORE PRACTICE AS WELL AS EXPLANATIONS: 

• EGO4 YOU
• PERFECT ENGLISH GRAMMAR
• AGENDA WEB
• ENGLISCH HILFEN
• 
  

• PASSIVE VOICE, REPORTED SPEECH, VERBAL TENSES AND CONDITIONALS. 
• CLICK HERE